REDUCING BIAS IN SENTIMENT ANALYSIS MODELS THROUGH CAUSAL MEDIATION ANALYSIS AND TARGETED COUNTERFACTUAL TRAINING

Reducing Bias in Sentiment Analysis Models Through Causal Mediation Analysis and Targeted Counterfactual Training

Large language models provide high-accuracy solutions in many natural language processing tasks.In particular, they are used as word embeddings in sentiment analysis models.However, these models pick up on and amplify biases and social stereotypes in the data.Causality theory has recently driven the development of effective algorithms to evaluate a

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Affinities of the fern genus Ptisana (Marattiaceae) in the Solomon Islands, with descriptions of two new species

In the process of undertaking a comprehensive review of the pteridophytes of the Solomon Islands, multiple unidentified specimens of the fern genus Ptisana Murdock (Marattiaceae) were collected.Morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses as well as field observations were required Outerwear to identify the Solomon Islands taxa.Four species an

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Pre- and postmortem tyrannosaurid bite marks on the remains of Daspletosaurus (Tyrannosaurinae: Theropoda) from Dinosaur Provincial Park, Alberta, Canada

Trace marks on the bones of non-avian dinosaurs may relate to feeding by large Pedal Covers carnivores or as a result of combat.Here the cranium and mandible of a specimen of Daspletosaurus are described that show numerous premortem injuries with evidence of healing and these are inferred to relate primarily to intraspecific combat.In addition, pos

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